The United States of America is the only superpower in the current global political and economic system based on different scales of power. Therefore, the presidential elections in the United States and the government that will come to power as a result of it are being watched with great interest and consideration throughout the world. is seen. Before we discuss the current presidential election in the US, let's take a look at US electoral history.

The Constitution of the United States of America was ratified in 1788, after which the first presidential election in the United States was held in 1789. In this election, George Washington was elected the first president of the country, while John Adams became the first vice president. Before this election, America did not have a chief executive, that is, the head of the entire country. Under the previous system, the elements of the Confederacy and the national government were headed by a Confederate Congress with a formal presiding officer and several executive departments, but no independent executive branch. The 19th Amendment is an important milestone in the development. This amendment in 1920 gave American women the right to vote. Apart from this, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was also a major democratic development that ensured the right of all citizens to vote.

Although the office of the US president is constitutionally and executively powerful and the president has the power to pass some laws on his own, he mostly has to work with Congress to enact legislation. Globally, the US The president also has considerable freedom to represent his country and conduct foreign policy.

U.S. Presidential Election 2024: Prospects and Concerns
A total of 59 presidential elections have been held in the United States so far. The 60th presidential election is going to be held this year, for which the American people will vote on Tuesday, November 5, 2024. The newly elected president will complete the next four-year term in the White House from January 2025.

The process of nomination of presidential candidates and their deputies by the two central parties of the United States, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, is quite interesting and truly democratic. These two parties choose their presidential candidate through a series of state primaries and caucuses. The people of the party decide who they want to lead the party in the presidential election. In this regard, former President Donald Trump has won the nomination once again with a huge lead over his rivals in the Republican Party. He became the party's official nominee at the Republican conventions in Milwaukee and Wisconsin. On the other hand, after President Joe Biden withdrew, Kamala Harris entered the race on behalf of the Democratic Party. Vice President Kamala Harris was officially named the presidential candidate at the party's convention in Chicago in August. Apart from this, some independent candidates are also in the field for the post of US President. One of the most prominent independent candidates was Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the nephew of former President John F. Kennedy, who ended his campaign in late August and supported Donald Trump. was

In the United States, the election of president does not depend on receiving the most votes in the entire country. Instead, candidates compete to win elections held in the 50 states. Each state has an Electoral College that has a certain number of votes. It is partly based on population. In all but two states, whichever candidate receives the most votes is awarded all of the state's Electoral College votes. An example of this is Democrat Hillary Clinton, who won the most votes nationwide in the 2016 election. She lost to Donald Trump on the basis of a narrow margin of electoral votes, despite winning more votes. Most US states lean heavily toward either the Democrat or Republican parties, so the focus is usually on a dozen or so states. The focus is on where either of them can win. This is why these states are also called 'swing states'.

The two dominant political parties in the United States are the Democratic and Republican parties. The Democratic Party generally advocates progressive policies such as social welfare programs and environmental protection, while the Republican Party is known for its conservative stance on issues such as fiscal responsibility and national security.

The American Parliament, like other major democracies in the world, consists of two houses. The lower house is called the House of Representatives, while the upper house is called the Senate. The US Congress has a total of 538 members, of which 100 are in the Senate. While 438 are elected to the House of Representatives.

The decision to form the government in America is based on the majority in the Congress. The party that wins at least 270 seats out of the total Congress seats forms the government. Each of the fifty states of the United States is represented in Congress in proportion to its population. Some states are so small in population that they have only two representatives in Congress. The Democratic Party and the Republican Party have won more than one presidential election. Until now, Democrats have won the presidency more often than Republicans.

The 60th presidential election in November 2024 assumes extraordinary significance due to various reasons, events and backgrounds. In this election, former Republican President Donald Trump has once again entered the field and he has apparently put the Democrats in great trouble. Trump's popularity and President Joe Biden's alleged unpopularity was a sign that Joe Biden surrendered to the intense pressure of the Democratic circles and the US establishment supporting him, including the media, and withdrew from the presidential race, in the favor of his vice Kamala Harris. This is the first time in American history that a candidate of a party who is also the current president of the country has withdrawn in the middle of his election campaign for a second term. The prospects of the Democrats are also improving after the nomination of Kamala Harris instead of Joe Biden. According to the New York Times survey in September 2024, Donald Trump received 48 percent of the national vote and Kamala Harris 47 percent of the voters.

Meanwhile, on September 10, the first and perhaps the only TV debate between Trump and Kamala Harris took place, in which both camps are claiming that their respective candidates have won the debate. In the debate, Kamala Harris, like a skilled prosecution lawyer, targeted Donald Trump with personal attacks and apparently showed Trump going on the back foot. However, despite this, there was no decrease in Trump's popularity rate.

Still, the outcome of the 2024 US presidential election is uncertain as it will depend on various factors such as voter turnout, the campaign strategies of both camps, and the current political environment. In 2020 presidential election Trump's defeat was interpreted by his supporters as alleged rigging as Trump seemed to be winning the election as well. Then in January 2021, thousands of Trump supporters stormed Capitol Hill in Washington.

The worrying aspect
The most important and disturbing aspect of the recent presidential election campaign is that there were two attempts to assassinate Donald Trump in the short span of two months. The first attack on Trump was made on July 13 when he was addressing a rally in connection with his election campaign in Pennsylvania. In this attack, Trump was barely alive and the bullet fired by the assassin had injured his ear, while one person participating in the rally was killed and another was injured in the shooting.The second attempt to kill Trump was made on September 15 in Florida, which was foiled by the Secret Service. The 58-year-old attacker Ryan Wesley Roth was arrested. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Donald Trump was 275 to 455 meters away from the assailant at the time. An extensive investigation has been launched into the incident and it is seen in connection with the first attack on Trump during Pennsylvania election rally.

This is the first time in US history that a former president has been tried to be assassinated twice during his election campaign in a short period of time. This incident will undoubtedly have far-reaching effects on American society and politics. Attempts to assassinate a popular former president like Trump will likely deepen political divisions and fuel a heated debate over national security. It could further increase political polarization in the US and affect the ongoing presidential campaign. These alarming events will have a profound impact on the American political landscape as a whole.

Is Trump coming again?
Although the assassination attempts are being cited as a turning point that has led to further increases in Trump's popularity and predictions of his imminent victory, it should be noted that Trump's popularity has fluctuated over time, and it is difficult to assess the impact of specific events on their overall popularity. It is too early to predict the outcome of the next presidential election. As the election approaches, several key factors will shape the campaign and its outcome. Critical issues such as current Middle East crisis, health care, climate change, economic recovery, and social justice will likely dominate the campaign. Both camps will use different strategies to gain the support of maximum voters.

The view ahead
It is important that the political and economic effects of the US government on the world during the presidency of Donald Trump were significant. As President Trump, policies such as tax cuts, trade tariffs and foreign relations have shaped the global dynamics. If Trump is elected once again his policies can definitely affect global affairs as he is an unconventional politician who does not hesitate at all to take big and unexpected decisions.

However, it is certain that the 60th presidential election this year will be a pivotal moment in American history that will shape the future direction of the USA and its leadership.